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In legal terms,a crime is composed of which two components?


A) the act and criminal intent
B) a criminal and a victim
C) the act and the social harm
D) the law and the violation

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes is that


A) males with certain body types commit the most serious crimes.
B) Lombroso proved a century ago that biological factors are the major cause of crime.
C) biological factors may have a real but small effect in causing some people to commit crimes.
D) genetics research has succeeded in explaining most criminality.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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"Primary deviance" refers to the most serious offenses.

A) True
B) False

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Walter Reckless and Simon Dinitz developed containment theory,which claims that a strong superego helps boys stay out of trouble.

A) True
B) False

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Based on your reading,it would be correct to say that biological approaches offer


A) a very limited understanding of crime.
B) a good explanation of most crimes.
C) a good explanation of violent crime.
D) a good explanation of property crime.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What does the story about the conviction and imprisonment of Bruce Glover suggest about punishment in the United States?


A) Crime truly does pay.
B) Convicts can lose everything important to them while in prison and,after release,they often struggle to fit back into society.
C) The U.S.criminal justice system truly rehabilitates criminals effectively.
D) After you get out of prison,society welcomes you back with open arms.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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"Crimes against the person" includes all but


A) murder.
B) aggravated assault.
C) burglary.
D) forcible rape.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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_________ _______ refers to the illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on its behalf.


A) Corporate crime
B) Organized crime
C) Victimless crime
D) Secondary deviance

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The United States is the only Western,high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

A) True
B) False

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If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing,the parent is using punishment to accomplish


A) deterrence.
B) retribution.
C) social protection.
D) rehabilitation.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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According to Elliot Currie,factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include


A) our cultural homogeneity.
B) a lack of interest in punishing offenders.
C) the high level of immigration.
D) our emphasis on individual economic success,which weakens the social fabric.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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In the United States,men account for about _____ of all arrests for violent crime.


A) about 20 percent
B) about 40 percent
C) about 60 percent
D) about 80 percent

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police,courts,and prison officials is called


A) the normative system.
B) social control.
C) civil law.
D) the criminal justice system.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among


A) high-income males.
B) middle-class men and women.
C) low-income youths.
D) all class levels.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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