Question 1

When an antibody is covering a foreign microorganism, complement may be activated via the ________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)   classical
B)   lectin
C)   alternative
D)   interleukinE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria
B)   Virus-infected cells
C)   Cancer cells
D)   Human transplanted liver
E)   Pig transplanted heartF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   epitope
B)   hapten
C)   antigen binding site
D)   variable region
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 4

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, ________, that activates T helper cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   interferon
B)   interleukin-2
C)   interleukin-1
D)   histamine
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Is called the crystallizable fragment
B)   Forms the antigen binding sites
C)   Contains an effector molecule that can bind to cells such as macrophages and mast cells
D)   Contains an effector molecule that can fix complement
E)   Determines the class to which the immunoglobulin belongsF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   IgA
B)   IgD
C)   IgE
D)   IgG
E)   IgMF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Class I MHC genes code for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   certain secreted complement components
B)   self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes
C)   all HLA antigens
D)   receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B) B

Question 8

An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   chickenpox infection followed by lifelong immunity
B)   chickenpox vaccine which triggers extended immunity to chickenpox
C)   giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease
D)   a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D) C

Question 9

Class II MHC genes code for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   certain secreted complement components
B)   self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes
C)   all HLA antigens
D)   receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 10

The morning after the vaccination, the patient's mother calls to report that the infant has developed a low-grade fever. She states, "I am afraid that he is developing meningitis from one of the vaccines, because he is also fussy." What is a proper response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   I understand you are frightened. However, site pain and low fever are common side effects. You can help minimize both with acetaminophen, as the physician recommended.
B)   Bring your son to the closest ER for evaluation. He may be experiencing a life-threatening reaction to the vaccines.
C)   You sound upset. Please remember how harmless I told you vaccines were.
D)   This fever and fussiness are probably from an unrelated illness. It is just a coincidence he received vaccinations around the same time as these symptoms presented.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Helper T cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   secrete antibodies
B)   function in allergic reactions
C)   directly destroy target cells
D)   suppress immune reactions
E)   activate B cells and other T cellsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

If the patient's mother had previously vaccinated her son against chickenpox, what form of immunity would he have had against the virus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Active natural immunity
B)   Passive natural immunity
C)   Active artificial immunity
D)   Passive artificial immunityE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)   B cells
B)   Cytotoxic T cells
C)   Plasma cells
D)   Helper T cells
E)   Antigen-presenting cellsF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neutralization
B)   Opsonization
C)   Complement fixation
D)   Agglutination
E)   Anamnestic responseF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fourth stage of specific immunity involves the production of antibodies by B and T cells against the antigen that initiated the response.
B)   The second stage in the development of specific immunity requires the antigen to be presented to the T cells on the surface of an APC.
C)   During the third stage in the development of specific immunity, B and T cells are challenged by the antigen and respond by differentiating and proliferating.
D)   The initiation of specific immunity involves the development of lymphocytes with the deletion of cells that would react to self molecules.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   skin barriers
B)   B and T lymphocytes
C)   lysozyme
D)   mucous membranes
E)   interferonF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Knowing that the causative organism for this patient's urinary tract infection, E. coli, has a lipopolysaccharide cell wall, which cells are being activated by this infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   T helper cells
B)   T cytotoxic cells
C)   Natural killer cells
D)   B cellsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

All nucleated cells contain ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   class I MHC
B)   class II MHC
C)   secretory antibodies
D)   IgE receptors
E)   IgM moleculesF) A) and C)
G) A) and B) A

Exam 13: Host Defenses Ii: Specific Immunity and Immunization

When an antibody is covering a foreign microorganism, complement may be activated via the ________ pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a target for TC cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, ________, that activates T helper cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is incorrect about the Fc region of an immunoglobulin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin class that is the only one capable of crossing the placenta is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Class I MHC genes code for ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Class II MHC genes code for ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The morning after the vaccination, the patient's mother calls to report that the infant has developed a low-grade fever. She states, "I am afraid that he is developing meningitis from one of the vaccines, because he is also fussy." What is a proper response by the nurse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helper T cells ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the patient's mother had previously vaccinated her son against chickenpox, what form of immunity would he have had against the virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamma globulin can be given as immunotherapy to confer artificial passive immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies cross-linking cells or particles into large aggregates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Knowing that the causative organism for this patient's urinary tract infection, E. coli, has a lipopolysaccharide cell wall, which cells are being activated by this infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All nucleated cells contain ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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Which of the following is not a target for T_C cells?

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B

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C

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A